Strona bierna w czasach Perfect - ćwiczenia

Strona bierna w czasach Perfect, podobnie jak w czasach Continuous, jest mniej popularnym obszarem gramatyki w języku angielskim. Niemniej, warto, wręcz trzeba poznać strukturę i sposób jej tworzenia, aby płynnie władać językiem angielskim. Zrozumienie strony biernej w czasach Perfect wymaga znajomości zarówno strony biernej (passive voice), jak i czasów w aspekcie Perfect (perfektywnym, dokonanym, chociaż ciężko jest odnieść go do języka polskiego, który ma dwa aspekty, podczas gdy angielski takich aspektów ma cztery).

Strona bierna w czasach perfect angielski

Zacznijmy od przypomnienia. Strona bierna w języku angielskim (passive voice) to konstrukcja zdaniowa, w której podmiot zdania nie jest bezpośrednim sprawcą działania, lecz doświadcza tego działania. W zdaniu biernym akcent kładzie się na tym, co się dzieje, a nie na tym, kto wykonuje daną czynność. Na przykład, w zdaniu 'the cake was eaten by Kate' (ciasto zostało zjedzone przez Kasię), ciasto jest podmiotem, które "doświadcza" działania, a nie jest wykonawcą. Natomiast, w zdaniu w stronie czynnej to podmiot jest wykonawcą czynności a czasownik zawiera formę osobową, na przykład 'Marcel composes songs' (Marcel komponuje piosenki).

Kiedy strona bierna w czasach perfect

W języku angielskim mamy trzy główne czasy Perfect:

Present Perfect – używany do mówienia o czynnościach, które zostały zakończone w przeszłości, ale mają wpływ na teraźniejszość, lub o czynnościach, które nie zostały zakończone.

Struktura: have/has + past participle (III forma czasownika)

Past Perfect – używany do mówienia o czynności, która miała miejsce przed inną czynnością lub momentem w przeszłości.

Struktura: had + past participle

Future Perfect – używany do mówienia o czynności, która zostanie zakończona przed innym momentem w przyszłości.

Struktura: will have + past participle

Jeśli chcesz odświeżyć lub poszerzyć swoją wiedzę na ich temat, wejdź na www.speak-up.pl i zerknij w zakładkę Gramatyka j. angielskiego. 

Strona bierna w czasach perfect - ćwiczenia pdf

Ćwiczenie 1

Przekształć poniższe zdania w czasach Perfect na stronę bierną. Pamiętaj, aby zachować odpowiednią strukturę strony biernej w danym czasie Perfect. Na przykład:

Strona czynna: 'Researchers have discovered a new species'.

Strona bierna: 'A new species has been discovered by researchers'.

1. Architects have designed a new skyscraper.
2. Chefs had prepared a luxurious banquet before the event started.
3. Legislators will have passed new regulations by next session.
4. Curators have showcased ancient artefacts since the exhibition opened.
5. Developers have finished the software update.
6. The instructor had outlined the course syllabus before the semester began.
7. Engineers will have completed the safety tests by tomorrow.
8. Gardeners had pruned the trees before the storm hit.
9. Managers will have reached a consensus by next week.
10. Innovators have received accolades for their creativity.
11. Fundraisers will have gathered sufficient donations by the charity gala.
12. Students have completed their research papers.

Ćwiczenie 2

Wybierz poprawną formę strony biernej dla podkreślonej części zdania:

1) The company has launched a new product.

1. a) has been launched
2. b) is launched
3. c) had been launched
4. d) will have been launched

2) The workers had finished the project before the deadline.

1. a) has been finished
2. b) was finished
3. c) had been finished
4. d) will have been finished

3) The author will have completed the book by next month.

1. a) will have been completed
2. b) has been completed
3. c) had been completed
4. d) is completed

4) The scientists have discovered a new element.

1. a) is discovered
2. b) was discovered
3. c) has been discovered
4. d) will have been discovered

5) The chef had prepared the meal before the guests arrived.

1. a) has been prepared
2. b) was prepared
3. c) will have been prepared
4. d) had been prepared

6) The artist has created a masterpiece.

1. a) was created
2. b) has been created
3. c) had been created
4. d) will have been created

Ćwiczenie 3

Zamień następujące zdania na stronę bierną, zachowując czas Perfect. Na przykład:

'Experts have evaluated the findings meticulously' - 'The findings have been meticulously evaluated by experts'.

1. Experts have scrutinised the data extensively.
2. The corporation will have established a new branch in Europe by next year.
3. Technicians had rectified the issue before it escalated.
4. The selection committee will have reviewed all submissions by the deadline.
5. The artist has exhibited her sculptures in international forums.
6. Chemists had synthesised the new formula successfully.
7. Publishers have launched a series of influential journals.
8. Archaeologists had uncovered ancient relics before the site was closed.
9. The charity will have met its fundraising goal by the campaign's conclusion.
10. Universities have attracted a diverse group of international scholars.

Klucz do ćwiczeń

Ćwiczenie 1

1. A new skyscraper has been designed by architects.
2. A luxurious banquet had been prepared by chefs before the event started.
3. New regulations will have been passed by legislators by next session.
4. Ancient artefacts have been showcased by curators since the exhibition opened.
5. The software update has been finished by developers.
6. The course syllabus had been outlined by the instructor before the semester began.
7. Safety tests will have been completed by engineers by tomorrow.
8. The trees had been pruned by gardeners before the storm hit.
9. A consensus will have been reached by managers by next week.
10. Accolades for their creativity have been received by innovators.
11. Sufficient donations will have been gathered by fundraisers by the charity gala.
12. Research papers have been completed by students.

Ćwiczenie 2

1. a
2. c
3. a
4. c
5. d
6. b

Ćwiczenie 3

1. The data has been extensively scrutinised by experts.
2. A new branch in Europe will have been established by the corporation by next year.
3. The issue had been rectified by technicians before it escalated.
4. All submissions will have been reviewed by the selection committee by the deadline.
5. Her sculptures have been exhibited in international forums by the artist.
6. The new formula had been successfully synthesised by chemists.
7. A series of influential journals have been launched by publishers.
8. Ancient relics had been uncovered by archaeologists before the site was closed.
9. The fundraising goal will have been met by the charity by the campaign's conclusion.
10. A diverse group of international scholars have been attracted by universities.